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Apr. 1, 2026

The misuse of federal Indian law in the birthright citizenship debate

The 14th Amendment, ratified in 1868, guarantees that anyone born or naturalized in the United States is a citizen and ensures all citizens receive due process and equal protection under the law.

Jack Duran

Duran Law Office

4010 Foothills Blvd.
Roseville , CA 95747

Email: duranlaw@yahoo.com

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The misuse of federal Indian law in the birthright citizenship debate
Shutterstock

In the contemporary debate over the 14th Amendment, opponents of birthright citizenship have cited the 1884 Supreme Court case, Elk v. Wilkins, to argue that children born in the United States to non-citizen parents are not "subject to the jurisdiction thereof" and are thus not automatically citizens. This argument, however, is extremely problematic because it misinterprets and decontextualizes a ruling grounded in the unique and sui generis field of federal Indian law...

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